Video Gallery

Lesson - Africa - Physical Geography

Go to Video Gallery Added Sep 07, 2021 •

Copy this URL:
Embed code:	<iframe class="edlio-embed-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="360" src="//rms.jcsd.net/apps/embed/?v=325359" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> Change dimensions

Go HD

Show Transcript

so in this lesson we're going to be talking about the physical landscape of the continent of Africa and our standards for this lesson our 7.1.1 to identify and  African school systems and human characteristics of places and 7.1.2 about identifying climate and vegetation regions of Africa in the space of distributions and patterns of natural resources including the impact of their location on human I mean central question for this lesson is how does the physical landscape climate and the environment affect the human population of Africa and then by the end of this lesson you should be able to identify key geographical features of Africa you should be able to identify and detail at the physical landforms of Africa affect its population and you should be able to identify the environment of Africa population and so some vocabulary that you should no going into this last time is it the land area of a country is the space that it takes up on the content in the landscape itself is how much area it takes up the climate of a place is the prevailing weather of that place it's not that it's raining or that it's hot or it's cold if that it tends to be rainy or tends to be hot the train and elevation are related to each other in this way landscape actually looks like is it mountainous is it low-lying is it flat does it have Rolling Hills and in the elevation is how high and how low of a particular place has the natural resources of place is what the place actually contains doesn't contain oil and coal and natural gas doesn't have a Bunton water does it have abundant cropland it's what that place has for people to use relatedly is the land use of a place which is just the patterns by which people use the place that they live do they use it for industrial purposes so making the agricultural purposes growing or Municipal purposes as places for people to live and the natural resources of a place in form the kind of land use that people use that place for natural hazards are things actually happen in the physical world earthquakes hurricanes landslides all of those sorts of things you hear about in the news and the things that the Earth actually put people at risk with you know those key or living in the Lowcountry with hurricane agricultural land in arable land are also similar yet different agricultural land is the amount of land that tend to use to grow crops well arable land is the land that is being used to grow crops and then she thinks that we're going to look at it later to tell this week or CO2 oceans and water withdrawal and I'll talk about those later on answer the first thing that we wanted to talk about was elevation and landforms and you come over here and look at this map of Africa notice green yellow and orange are the predominant colors and how do you know what those colors mean but it's in the legend for the map and you'll notice that this reddish brown color is all the places of high-elevation in this dark green color is all the places of low elevation and you'll notice on the map that the dark green color is pretty much for dominantly on the coast of the continent because that dark green level is that's the level it's the place where you can walk right out from the beach onto the water and it's at the same elevation where's you'll notice that this dark brown color is predominantly in this one region of the continent here and that's because it's one it's Africa's biggest mountain range what we call the Great Rift Valley and so he think about where this dark green color is it's right along the coast of West Africa North Africa and then a little bit in East Africa and these are your Coastal are your low lying areas I know your places that are right at sea level and then coming up into the interior for the continent you have this lighter green color Molly parts of Denine in Nigeria parts of the Congo Basin and of course in the Nile Valley and then this yellow color is even more slightly elevation and needs to be your Plateau areas or you're hilarious like the difference between the coastal plain of South Carolina and then the P the Sandhills in Piedmont of South Carolina have a little more elevation and a little more train it's a little more hilly and mountainous before you go into the mountains of the continents which are here in the Great Rift Valley as well as this orangie area which would be like your high plateau and this is not a landscape that we have in South Carolina but this is where the Serengeti plain so do you think about giraffes and rhinoceroses and lions they're going to be living in this Plateau area here in Tanzania parts of Kenya Zambia Zimbabwe and this is where the Serengeti plain is and it's a high Plateau so it's prevailing Lee overly dry it has some water but not a lot of standing $1 to groundwater in the way that some of these other areas and then the Great Rift Valley this is actually one of the most geologically active areas of the continent is one of the most geologically areas of the world because this is where the Indian Ocean plate and the African plate meat and it's actually a Shear plate and the Indian Ocean plate in the African plate are moving past each other and it's causing a lot of disruption to the continent and so you have a lot of earthquakes and volcanic activity in this area as well as well as a lot of really high mountains but also it's right on the edge of the Congo rainforest so does get a lot of precipitation does get a lot of rainfall so keep this map in mind as we get the next couple of naps and so this map shows you the kind of climate and vegetation patterns that the continent of Africa experiences and so I wanted to draw your attention first what is orange color here in the north and this dark green color here in the middle of the continent and these are respectively the Sahara Desert and the Congo rainforest and these are historic the two greatest barriers to people moving freely across the continent because the Sahara Desert is really hard to cross because of the lack of abundant water in the Congo rainforest is really hard to cross beak give it to dance vegetation and so historically when we think about people living in Africa most of the people live in to the north of the Sahara Desert where more closely connected to in the Middle East than they were to the rest of the and the people live in between the Sahara Desert and the Congo Basin experienced a different kind of culture in the people living south of the Congo rainforest and then the people to the east the Congo rainforest have between the desert and the rainforest experience a different culture and so you can see that when we talk about Africa we're really talking about West Africa East Africa and then were talking about southern Africa in relation to the Congo rainforest and then know that I did not mention North Africa because remember this is the area that was more closely can to Europe and the Middle East and so we're going to actually talk about North Africa when we actually talk about the Middle East in a layer unit and so if you think about the map we just looked at terrain that high watch out it's Lush grassland area it's high it gets some rainfall but not a lot this is the Serengeti plain it's right through here if we come look at the legend of it is this area the Savannah area and in the deciduous forest area we also see that same sort of landscape in West Africa and the reason I'm trying to reach listen to this kind of landscape is it this is the area that best supports not just human activity but the evolution of societies in two civilizations and that's exactly what you see in Africa where's you have some really old well develop civilizations in the medieval period here in Mali in the Nyan and Togo and Donna and this area and here as well as what we refer to Great Zimbabwe down here as well as along the Swahili Coast all through here in East Africa and these were major African at the same time they were talking about Knights and kings and Europe these were major civilizations in Africa and they merged in this area between the Savannah and the deciduous forest and so relating to South Carolina think about the upper coastal plain and Piedmont areas is the kind of landscape that they're living the pink area pay attention to this area because this is the area that we refer to as the Sahel really dry it has desert like characteristics and these are the areas that are that are most at risk for causing problems for Human Society because they're so prevalent we drop that's a  region in West Africa is getting bigger because of climate change and it's causing issues here in North and West Africa and for the country's further south Nigeria Ghana Cote d'Ivoire don't we think about the natural resources of Africa Africa is a continent abundant in natural resources the first one that I wanted to draw your attention to is this yellow color the commercial Agra color and when we think about the emergence of civilizations they're all dependent on agriculture and says he look at where you seek my black culture here in Mali and north and West Africa again where some guy was located as well as picking them up Molly course the Nile River Valley where the Egyptian civilization was Ethiopia is a really old African civilization as well as here where breaks and Bob way and the Swahili Coast was so now it's really closely to where you saw African civilizations first emerge but when you look at more in the present day what kind of Natural Resources nachos Africa before the rest of the world call diamonds gold natural gas and oil and uranium all of the things that we need for our energy production to make our lights turn on affricate has abundance in these resources oil and natural gas in the northern part of the continent again connecting up with everything that we hear about going on in the Middle East but then further south in the continents you have some oil and some natural gas do you have a bunch of gold and have a bunch of coal you also will see diamonds in a in a great amount well as bauxite what we need to make aluminum and some historically this is what drove the Europeans interest in Africa and its letter of colonization of the continent and you even see that today we're Africa will lag behind sort of the countries around it on the other continents also interesting for our purposes it's so the agricultural patterns of Africa and some we think about commercial agriculture the kind of Agriculture we need to sustain large groups of people living in an area and then the kind of Agriculture that gets practice so what crops are grown and this is of course looking at crops that we grow to sell I'm soaked Marshall agriculture you see it in this light, a beige color this green color is what we refer to as intensive subsistence agriculture meaning its people living a place and not bringing stuff to sell to Growing stuff just for themselves to consume and then the darker green colors this is again it's either hunting and Gathering From the forest itself it's through kind of a spot of an oasis that people are growing so that green color is people Gathering and gardening for their own consumption where is the other colors live raising mostly in the southern part of the continent and then where you see crops being grown specifically I wanted to draw your attention to a few of them that are going to be interested in our next week of instruction vacuum systems and that would be cotton coffee and then palm oil because these are the three crops that the Europeans especially wanted for what they were doing with the Industrial Revolution Robert and these crops drove the Europeans interest in colonizing Africa and where are they primarily interested in setting up colonies but in West Africa to get access to Pomeroy in central Africa to get access to rubber and then here in the Serengeti plain to get access to where they can grow cotton and so these four crops especially or what's going to drive the settings bring up of colonies on the continent of Africa and that process of colonization is why even today Africa lags behind the developed world when it comes to at Agriculture and industrial production and it shows up and it's human systems that we're going to talk about more next week and so I hope that you've learned a little bit about Africa's physical geography

Uploaded by Daniel Mackin.

Video Gallery

Lesson - Africa - Physical Geography

Popular Videos